What Happened On This Day – July 19
- 
        1903 The first Tour de France comes to an endMaurice Garin became the first person to win the debut of the now annual bike race. 
- 
        1900 Paris Metro opensOne of the densest metros in the world and the second largest metro in Europe, the first line of the Paris Metro opened during the World's Fair. 
- 
        1870 Franco-Prussian War startsThe war involving France, under Napoleon and the Kingdom of Prussia began with French declaration of war. The war lasted for 9 months and ended with a German victory. 
- 
        1848 Seneca Falls Convention beginsOne of the first women's rights convention to be held in American history, the two-day convention attracted 300 women and men who protested the social, economic, and political discrimination American women faced. 
- 
        1553 Mary I replaces Lady Jane Grey as Queen of EnglandAlso known as Bloody Mary due to her brutal persecution of Protestants, Mary I was the only child of Catherine of Aragon and Henry III. 
Births On This Day,
 July 19
  - 
        1922 George McGovernAmerican politician, historian, author 
- 
        1921 Harold CampingAmerican broadcaster, author 
- 
        1834 Edgar DegasFrench painter 
- 
        1827 Mangal PandeyIndian freedom fighter 
- 
        1814 Samuel ColtAmerican inventor, industrialist, founded the Colt's Manufacturing Company 
Deaths On This Day,
 July 19
  - 
        2012 Omar SuleimanEgyptian politician, Vice President of Egypt 
- 
        2002 Alan LomaxAmerican historian, author, scholar 
- 
        1980 Hans MorgenthauGerman philosopher 
- 
        1543 Mary BoleynEnglish sister of Anne Boleyn 
- 
        1374 PetrarchItalian scholar, poet